Everything about The Treaty Of Mignano totally explained
The
Treaty of Mignano of
1139 was the treaty which ended more than a decade of constant war in the
Mezzogiorno following the union of the mainland duchy of
Apulia and
Calabria with the
County of Sicily in
1127. More significantly, in
1130,
Antipope Anacletus II had crowned
Roger II king.
The legitimate pope,
Innocent II, didn't recognise this title and many of Roger's peninsular vassals took exception to his exercising royal authority over them. Over the decade of the 1130s, Roger defeated his vassals one by one until in
1137, the
Emperor Lothair II came down with the pope and conquered most of the south. Lothair's death deprived the southern barons of their support, however, and Roger quickly reconquered his territories and in 1139 the papal-imperial duke of Apulia,
Ranulf of Alife, died.
Innocent and the dispossessed Prince
Robert II of Capua marched to reassert their authority. At
Galluccio,
Roger's son ambushed the papal troops with only a thousand knights and captured the pope and his entourage. Three days later, on
July 25 at
Mignano, Innocent confirmed the elder Roger as
rex Siciliae ducatus Apuliae et principatus Capuae and invested him with his titles. He also invested his son as duke, and another son,
Alfonso, as
prince of Capua.
In
1143, Innocent refused to recognise the treaty, but Roger sent
Robert of Selby to march on papal
Benevento. Mignano was reaffirmed. In
1156, by the
Treaty of Benevento, the tribute to the pope of 600
schifati agreed upon by Roger II in 1139 was affirmed and another 400
schifati was added for newly-conquered lands.
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